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Benzocaine Hydrochloride

Chemical Name: 4-Aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride

  • Commodity name: Benzocaine Hydrochloride

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I. Basic Information

Chemical Name: 4-Aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride

CAS No.: 532-32-1

Molecular Formula: C₉H₁₁NO₂·HCl

Molecular Weight: 215.65 g/mol

Appearance and Properties: White or off-white crystalline powder, odorless, slightly bitter taste, soluble in water and ethanol, aqueous solution is acidic.

II. Physicochemical Properties

Melting Point: 188–190℃ (decomposes)

Solubility: Highly soluble in water (1g/2mL) and ethanol (1g/5mL), slightly soluble in diethyl ether.

Stability: Stable in dry conditions, prone to decomposition in alkaline environments; should be stored in a light-proof, sealed container.

III. Core Applications

Pharmaceutical Field

Local Anesthetic: Blocks nerve impulse conduction, used for local analgesia in oral ulcers, sore throat, hemorrhoids, etc., and as an ingredient in external preparations (e.g., ointments, suppositories).

Pharmaceutical Excipient: Acts as an osmotic pressure regulator or pH regulator in drug formulations to improve stability and palatability.

Industrial and Research Applications

Organic Synthesis Intermediate: Used to prepare dyes, fragrances, and other fine chemicals (e.g., p-aminobenzoic acid compounds).

Analytical Reagent: Serves as a reference substance in chromatographic analysis for qualitative or quantitative detection of related compounds.

IV. Mechanism of Action

Inhibits sodium ion channels on nerve cell membranes, blocking nerve impulse conduction to produce local anesthetic effects. The hydrochloride form has better water solubility, facilitating the preparation of external or injectable formulations (must strictly follow pharmaceutical standards).

V. Quality Index Table

Test Items

Pharmaceutical Grade

Pharmaceutical Grade

Testing Method

Assay

≥99.0% (HPLC)

≥99.0% (Refer to Quality Requirements for Benzocaine Used in Cosmetics)

HPLC/Titration

Melting Point  

188 - 190°C (decomposition)

188 - 190°C (decomposition)

Capillary Method/DSC

pH Value
(Aqueous Solution) 

4.5 - 6.0

4.5 - 6.5 (compatible with skin tolerance)

pH Meter

Loss on Drying

≤1.0%

≤1.0% (to prevent moisture absorption affecting stability)

TGA/Oven Drying Method

Residue on Ignition

≤0.1%

≤0.1%

Ignition Method at High Temperature

Heavy Metals
(as Pb)

≤10ppm

≤10ppm

 

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